{"id":670,"date":"2014-08-19T05:40:00","date_gmt":"2014-08-19T12:40:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.shengproject.com\/?p=670"},"modified":"2026-07-15T12:55:26","modified_gmt":"2026-07-15T19:55:26","slug":"%e7%8f%82%e4%bd%9b%e7%be%85%e7%9a%ae%e6%96%af%e6%98%af%e8%aa%b0%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/new.shengproject.com\/en\/texts\/essays\/%e7%8f%82%e4%bd%9b%e7%be%85%e7%9a%ae%e6%96%af%e6%98%af%e8%aa%b0%ef%bc%9f\/","title":{"rendered":"\u73c2\u4f5b\u7f85\u76ae\u65af\u662f\u8ab0\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"558\" src=\"https:\/\/new.shengproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u56fe\u7247-36.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-671\" style=\"width:283px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/new.shengproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u56fe\u7247-36.png 500w, https:\/\/new.shengproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u56fe\u7247-36-269x300.png 269w, https:\/\/new.shengproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u56fe\u7247-36-11x12.png 11w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u73c2\u4f5b\u7f85\u76ae\u65af\u81ea\u753b\u50cf<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fb2\u6b77\u5e74\u524d\uff0c\u4e0d\u9867\u523a\u9aa8\u7684\u5bd2\u98a8\u548c\u8cbc\u819a\u7684\u5b89\u6aa2\uff0c\u6211\u98db\u5f80\u7d10\u7d04\uff0c\u5230\u54e5\u502b\u6bd4\u4e9e\u5927\u5b78\u505a\u4e00\u6b21\u6f14\u8b1b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">John Rajchman\u6559\u6388\u8acb\u6211\u7d66\u4ed6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u8ac7\u4e2d\u570b\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3002\u516b\u5e74\u524d\u6211\u53c3\u8207\u7b56\u5283\u4e00\u500b\u540d\u70ba\u300c\u4e0a\u6d77\u6469\u767b\u300d\u7684\u5c55\u89bd\uff0c\u5728\u6155\u5c3c\u9ed1\u65af\u6258\u514b\u7f8e\u8853\u9928\u5c55\u51fa\u3002\u90a3\u6b21\u4ecb\u7d39\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u662f1930\u5e74\u4ee3\u524d\u5f8c\u4e2d\u570b\u85dd\u8853\u8207\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\u3002\u5176\u5be6\u6211\u5411\u4f86\u8a8d\u70ba\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5e76\u4e0d\u5c40\u9650\uff0c\u4f86\u6e90\u4e5f\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u8655\u3002\u8fd1\u5e74\u4e00\u76f4\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u73fe\u4ee3\u85dd\u8853\u5c0d\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u8d8a\u63a2\u7d22\u8d8a\u89ba\u5f97\u9019\u6bb5\u6df5\u6e90\u4e0d\u53ef\u5ffd\u8996\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4e09\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e0a\u6d77\u7058\u6709\u4f4d\u7f8e\u570b\u540d\u5a9b\u8300\u9e97\u8328\u592b\u4eba\uff08Bernadine Szold-Fritz\uff09\uff0c\u71b1\u611b\u6587\u5b78\u548c\u4ea4\u969b\u3002\u5979\u5bb6\u7684\u82b1\u5ef3\uff08\u6c99\u9f8d\uff09\u540d\u8072\u9050\u9087\uff0c\u83ef\u6d0b\u7cbe\u82f1\u548c\u6587\u4eba\u96c5\u58eb\u90fd\u611b\u5728\u6b64\u805a\u6703\u30021933\u5e7410\u67081\u65e5\u4e00\u5c0d\u5ba2\u4eba\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u82b1\u5ef3\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u525b\u5230\u9054\u4e0a\u6d77\u7684\u58a8\u897f\u54e5\u756b\u5bb6\u73c2\u4f5b\u7f85\u76ae\u65af\uff08Miguel Covarrubias\uff09\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u592b\u4eba\u821e\u8e48\u5bb6\u9732\u7051\uff08Rosa\uff09\u3002\u8300\u4e3d\u8328\u592b\u4eba\u4ecb\u7ecd\u8a69\u4eba\u517c\u51fa\u7248\u5bb6\u90b5\u6d35\u7f8e\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eec\u89c1\u9762\u3002\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u8fd9\u6b21\u76f8\u805a\u7adf\u63ed\u958b\u4e86\u6771\u897f\u6587\u5316\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u7bc7\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u73c2\u4f5b\u7f85\u76ae\u65af\u5c08\u9577\u63d2\u5716\u6f2b\u756b\u3002\u64d4\u4efb\u7d10\u7d04\u6642\u5c1a\u96dc\u8a8cVanity Fair \u7684\u85dd\u8853\u7de8\u8f2f\u5341\u5e74\u3002\u4ed6\u548c\u592b\u4eba\u5f97\u5230\u53e4\u6839\u6f22\u57fa\u91d1\u6703\u7684\u8cc7\u52a9\uff0c\u5169\u6b21\u53bb\u5df4\u5398\u5cf6\u8003\u5bdf\u7576\u5730\u6c11\u9593\u85dd\u8853\u3002\u7576\u6642\u4ea4\u901a\u4e0d\u4fbf\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u9700\u8def\u904e\u4e0a\u6d77\u8f49\u8239\u3002\u90b5\u6d35\u7f8e\u672c\u4f86\u5c31\u5f88\u6b3d\u4f69\u9019\u4f4d\u300c\u6f2b\u756b\u738b\u5b50\u300d\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u3002\u5f97\u6b64\u6a5f\u6703\u5c31\u628a\u5b83\u4ecb\u7d39\u7d66\u81ea\u5df1\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u65d7\u4e0b\u7684\u5e7e\u4f4d\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u5f35\u5149\u5b87\u3001\u5f35\u6b63\u5b87\u5144\u5f1f\u548c\u8449\u6dfa\u4e88\u7b49\u3002\u540c\u884c\u4e00\u898b\u5982\u6545\uff0c\u5e74\u8f15\u4eba\u628a\u73c2\u4f5b\u7f85\u76ae\u65af\u5c0a\u70ba\u826f\u5e2b\u3002\u77ed\u6642\u9593\u7684\u5207\u78cb\u4ea4\u6d41\uff0c\u5728\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u751f\u6daf\u4e2d\u8d77\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4ee5\u901f\u5beb\u805e\u540d\u7684\u8449\u6dfa\u4e88\u5f8c\u4f86\u5728\u81ea\u50b3\u4e2d\u5beb\u9053\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u53d7\u5176\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4e5f\u62ff\u8d77\u901f\u5199\u672c\uff0c\u5728\u751f\u6d3b\u4e2d\u753b\u901f\u5199\uff0c\u2026\u2026\u8fd9\u662f\u6211\u4ece\u4e8b\u7f8e\u672f\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u91cd\u8981\u8f6c\u53d8\u3002\u300d\u5f35\u5149\u5b87\u7684\u88dd\u98fe\u7e6a\u756b\u66f4\u76f4\u63a5\u53d7\u5230\u73c2\u6c0f\u7684\u555f\u767c\u3002\u9023\u4ed6\u7684\u756b\u98a8\u90fd\u5e36\u6709\u300c\u73c2\u4f5b\u7f85\u76ae\u65af\u5f0f\u300d\u7684\u5e7d\u9ed8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"520\" height=\"390\" src=\"https:\/\/new.shengproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u56fe\u7247-37.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-672\" style=\"width:300px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/new.shengproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u56fe\u7247-37.png 520w, https:\/\/new.shengproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u56fe\u7247-37-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/new.shengproject.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/\u56fe\u7247-37-16x12.png 16w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u59da\u949f\u534e\u4e0e\u6211\u5728\u5f20\u4ec3\u75c5\u5e8a\u524d<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9019\u4e00\u6279\u9752\u5e74\u65e5\u5f8c\u500b\u500b\u4e86\u5f97\u3002\u5f35\u5149\u5b87\u662f\u4e2d\u570b\u73fe\u4ee3\u88dd\u98fe\u85dd\u8853\u7684\u5148\u9a45\u3002\u4ed6\u53c3\u8207\u5275\u5efa\u5317\u4eac\u4e2d\u592e\u5de5\u85dd\u7f8e\u8853\u5b78\u9662\uff0c\u65d7\u4e0b\u5f1f\u5b50\u904d\u53ca\u8a2d\u8a08\u754c\u3002\u8449\u6dfa\u4e88\u5c0d\u73fe\u4ee3\u6c34\u58a8\u4eba\u7269\u756b\u7684\u8ca2\u737b\u4e5f\u7f55\u6709\u4eba\u53ef\u8207\u5339\u6575\u3002\u5f35\u4ec3\u662f\u9664\u5f35\u5927\u5343\u5916\u50c5\u6709\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u4f4d\u66fe\u8207\u7562\u52a0\u7d22\u63e1\u624b\u8a00\u6b61\u7684\u4e2d\u570b\u4eba\uff0c\u66fe\u4e3b\u6301\u4e2d\u592e\u5de5\u85dd\u7f8e\u9662\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u672c\u4eba\u85dd\u8853\u9020\u8a63\u6a6b\u8de8\u8a31\u591a\u9818\u57df\u3002\u7121\u8ad6\u662f\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d\u570b\u5c71\u6c34\u6216\u73fe\u5728\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u52d5\u6f2b\u85dd\u8853\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u90fd\u4ee4\u4eba\u77da\u76ee\u3002\u73c2\u4f5b\u7f85\u76ae\u65af\u5927\u6982\u505a\u5922\u4e5f\u60f3\u4e0d\u5230\u4ed6\u7684\u77ed\u66ab\u8a2a\u554f\u6703\u7559\u4e0b\u5982\u6b64\u6df1\u7684\u5370\u75d5\u3002\u6587\u5316\u7684\u4ea4\u6703\u5c31\u662f\u5982\u6b64\u3002\u4e00\u7c92\u7a2e\u5b50\u96a8\u98a8\u800c\u4f86\u4e0d\u671f\u9577\u6210\u53c3\u5929\u5927\u6a39\u3002\u8aaa\u73c2\u4f5b\u7f85\u76ae\u65af\u662f\u4e2d\u570b\u73fe\u4ee3\u85dd\u8853\u7684\u50b3\u85aa\u8005\u4e4b\u4e00\u61c9\u8a72\u4e0d\u7b97\u904e\u4efd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u73c2\u4f5b\u7f85\u76ae\u65af\u7684\u4e2d\u570b\u884c\u4e5f\u70ba\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5275\u4f5c\u958b\u62d3\u4e86\u65b0\u9818\u57df\u30021932\u5e74\u4ed6\u70ba\u6cd5\u570b\u4f5c\u5bb6Marc Chadoume\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u570b\u300b\u4e00\u66f8\u505a\u63d2\u5716\uff0c\u5f88\u53d7\u6b61\u8fce\u30021946\u5e74\u53c8\u70ba\u8cfd\u73cd\u73e0\u7ffb\u8b6f\u7684\u300a\u6c34\u6ef8\u50b3\u300b\u7cbe\u5fc3\u7e6a\u5236\u4e8635\u5e45\u5f69\u8272\u63d2\u5716\uff0c\u9023\u54e5\u502b\u6bd4\u4e9e\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u4e2d\u570b\u901a\u6559\u6388\u90fd\u9a5a\u5606\u9019\u4f4d\u8001\u5916\u5c45\u7136\u628a\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u98a8\u571f\u4eba\u60c5\u63cf\u7e6a\u5f97\u5982\u6b64\u6e96\u78ba\u3002\u73c2\u4f5b\u7f85\u76ae\u65af\u9084\u7528\u5927\u5beb\u610f\u7b46\u6cd5\u756b\u904e\u8523\u516c\u8096\u50cf\u3002\u5be5\u5be5\u6578\u7b46\uff0c\u5f62\u795e\u517c\u5099\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6211\u85cf\u6709\u4e00\u672c\u9650\u91cf\u7248\u7684\u7cbe\u7dfb\u5c0f\u66f8\u300aThe China I Knew\u300b\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u5f0f\u9326\u9762\u786c\u76ae\u9ebb\u9801\u7dda\u88dd\u3002\u7531\u73c2\u4f5b\u7f85\u76ae\u65af\u592b\u4eba\u64b0\u6587\uff0c\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u63d2\u5716\u3002\u66f8\u4e2d\u8ac7\u7684\u591a\u662f\u4ed6\u5011\u5357\u4f86\u5317\u5f80\u7684\u65c5\u6e38\u98f2\u5bb4\uff0c\u4fe1\u7b46\u6382\u4f86\uff0c\u5012\u4e5f\u662f\u96e3\u5f97\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u53ea\u773c\u770b\u4e2d\u570b\u3002\u5f8c\u4f86\u6211\u5f97\u77e5\u73c2\u4f5b\u7f85\u76ae\u65af\u9019\u4e9b\u7cbe\u5f69\u539f\u4f5c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u73cd\u85cf\u4e8e\u7f8e\u570b\u4e00\u6240\u5927\u5b78\u7f8e\u8853\u9928\u4e2d\u3002\u4f46\u9858\u6709\u4e00\u5929\u80fd\u501f\u51fa\u5c55\u89bd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p 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